Question

The limited effects theory states that democratic society is made up of interlocking pluralistic groups led by opinion leaders who rely on media for information about politics and the social worl
D. Mass media can be viewed as public arena in which cultural battles are fought and a dominant, hegemonic culture is forged and promote
D.

• A. Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
• B. Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
• C. (A) is correct but (R) is not correct
• D. (A) is not correct but (R) is correct

Hint:

Remember to distinguish between statements that are true and those that explain each other in theory-based questions.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Concept
The limited effects theory posits that democratic societies consist of various interlocking groups led by opinion leaders, who depend on mass media for political and social information. The theory suggests that the mass media serve as a public arena where cultural battles are waged, leading to the formation and promotion of a dominant culture.

Step 2: Meaning
In this context, option (A) describes the limited effects theory, which focuses on how democratic societies function through pluralistic groups and opinion leaders using media. Option (R) elaborates that mass media act as platforms for cultural battles and the creation of a hegemonic culture.

Step 3: Analysis
To prove that the correct answer is B, we need to understand both statements: Statement (A): Democratic society is made up of interlocking pluralistic groups led by opinion leaders who rely on media. Statement (R): Mass media are seen as arenas where cultural battles occur and a dominant culture is forged. Both statements are indeed correct. However, statement (R) does not directly explain or derive from statement (A); it provides additional context about the role of mass media in society. Therefore, while both can be true independently, (R) is not an explanation of (A).

Step 4: Conclusion
The analysis confirms that both statements are accurate but distinct. Statement (R) offers a broader perspective on the functions of mass media without directly explaining statement (A). Final Answer: (B)