Question

The electronic configuration of \(\mathrm{Cu(II)}\) is \[ 3d^9 \] whereas that of \(\mathrm{Cu(I)}\) is \[ 3d^{10} \] Which of the following is correct? 

• A. \(\mathrm{Cu(II)}\) is more stable
• B. \(\mathrm{Cu(I)}\) is less stable
• C. \(\mathrm{Cu(I)}\) and \(\mathrm{Cu(II)}\) are equally stable
• D. Stability of \(\mathrm{Cu(I)}\) and \(\mathrm{Cu(II)}\) depends on nature of copper salts

Hint:

Stability of oxidation states in transition metals depends on: \[ \text{ligands, hydration energy and lattice energy} \]

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Compare the electronic configurations.
\[ \mathrm{Cu(I)}:3d^{10} \] \[ \mathrm{Cu(II)}:3d^9 \] Configuration: \[ 3d^{10} \] is completely filled and generally stable.

Step 2: Consider practical stability.
Although: \[ \mathrm{Cu(I)} \] has stable electronic configuration, its actual stability depends on: \[ \text{the ligands and nature of the salt} \] Some compounds stabilize: \[ \mathrm{Cu(I)} \] while others stabilize: \[ \mathrm{Cu(II)} \] Thus stability depends on surrounding chemical environment.

Step 3: Identify the correct option.
Therefore: \[ \boxed{ \mathrm{ (D)\ Stability\ of\ Cu(I)\ and\ Cu(II)\ depends\ on\ nature\ of\ copper\ salts } } \]