Question:
The biological damage caused by 1 gray \(\alpha\)-radiation is compared with 1 gray \(\gamma\)-radiation in the same type of human tissue. The damage caused by the \(\gamma\)-radiation is
The biological damage caused by 1 gray \(\alpha\)-radiation is compared with 1 gray \(\gamma\)-radiation in the same type of human tissue. The damage caused by the \(\gamma\)-radiation is
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Gray measures absorbed energy; Sievert measures biological effect. \(\alpha\) has quality factor 20, \(\beta\) and \(\gamma\) have quality factor 1.
Updated On: Apr 20, 2026
- more serious as compared to the damage caused by the \(\alpha\)-radiation.
- less serious as compared to the damage caused by the \(\alpha\)-radiation.
- equally serious as the damage caused by the \(\alpha\)-radiation.
- incomparable with the damage caused by the \(\alpha\)-radiation, because \(\gamma\)-radiation are not particles.
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The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The biological effectiveness of radiation depends on Relative Biological Effectiveness (RBE) and quality factor. Alpha particles have a much higher quality factor than gamma rays.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Both deliver 1 gray (same absorbed energy per kg). \(\alpha\)-particles are densely ionising: RBE \(\approx 20\). \(\gamma\)-rays: RBE \(\approx 1\). Equivalent dose: \(\text{Equivalent dose} = \text{absorbed dose} \times \text{RBE}\). So, 1 Gy of \(\alpha\)-radiation causes about 20 times more biological damage than 1 Gy of \(\gamma\)-radiation.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The \(\gamma\)-radiation causes less serious damage than \(\alpha\)-radiation for the same absorbed dose.
The biological effectiveness of radiation depends on Relative Biological Effectiveness (RBE) and quality factor. Alpha particles have a much higher quality factor than gamma rays.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Both deliver 1 gray (same absorbed energy per kg). \(\alpha\)-particles are densely ionising: RBE \(\approx 20\). \(\gamma\)-rays: RBE \(\approx 1\). Equivalent dose: \(\text{Equivalent dose} = \text{absorbed dose} \times \text{RBE}\). So, 1 Gy of \(\alpha\)-radiation causes about 20 times more biological damage than 1 Gy of \(\gamma\)-radiation.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The \(\gamma\)-radiation causes less serious damage than \(\alpha\)-radiation for the same absorbed dose.
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