Question:
Statements: No book is a pen. All pens are pencils. Conclusions: I. Some pencils are not books. II. No book is a pencil. Which conclusion follows?
Statements: No book is a pen. All pens are pencils. Conclusions: I. Some pencils are not books. II. No book is a pencil. Which conclusion follows?
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Pens are pencils that cannot be books, but other pencils are unconstrained.
Updated On: Jul 8, 2026
- Both I and II follow
- Only conclusion I follows
- Only conclusion II follows
- Neither I nor II follows
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The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Locate the pens.
All pens are pencils, and no book is a pen. So the pens are pencils that are not books.
Step 2: Check conclusion I.
Since these pens are pencils and are not books, some pencils are not books. Conclusion I follows.
Step 3: Check conclusion II.
Pencils may still overlap with books outside the pens region, so 'No book is a pencil' is not forced. II does not follow.
All pens are pencils, and no book is a pen. So the pens are pencils that are not books.
Step 2: Check conclusion I.
Since these pens are pencils and are not books, some pencils are not books. Conclusion I follows.
Step 3: Check conclusion II.
Pencils may still overlap with books outside the pens region, so 'No book is a pencil' is not forced. II does not follow.
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