Question

Statement I: The binding site on the enzyme is known as the active site and is structurally complementary to the substrate.
Statement II: Binding of a substrate to an enzyme active site causes a change in the three-dimensional structure of the enzyme which helps to reduce the activation energy of the reaction.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

• A. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
• B. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
• C. Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
• D. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct

Hint:

Active site: substrate binding site.
Induced fit: conformational change upon substrate binding.
Reduces activation energy.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Enzymes work by binding substrates at their active sites.
This binding causes conformational changes.

Step 2: Key Formula or Approach:
No specific formula.
Need to understand enzyme-substrate interaction.

Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
Statement I: The binding site is the active site and is complementary to the substrate.
This is true (lock and key/induced fit model).
Statement II: Substrate binding causes a change in enzyme structure.
This reduces the activation energy.
This is also true (induced fit model).
Thus, both statements are correct.

Step 4: Final Answer:
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.
Hence, the correct option is (A).