Question

Select the CORRECT statements:
A. Buddhism and Jainism believed in God and not in Vedas,
B. Project method was advocated by pragmatist thinker Rabindranath Tagore,
C. 'Deschooling Society' was written by Ivan Illich,
D. Gandhi advocated higher education for all irrespective of class, caste, and gender,
E. Charvak was an ardent follower of Advaita Vedant.
Choose the correct answer:

• A. B, D and E only
• B. A and C only
• C. A, B, C and E only
• D. B and D only

Hint:

Always cross-check historical facts and philosophical positions to ensure accuracy.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Concept
This question tests knowledge of religious beliefs, educational philosophies, and social movements associated with Indian history and culture.

Step 2: Meaning
Each statement must be verified against historical facts about religious traditions, educational methods, and philosophical positions.

Step 3: Analysis
[leftmargin=20pt, itemsep=3pt, topsep=4pt]
• A) Buddhism and Jainism believed in God and not in Vedas — partially CORRECT in that both rejected the authority of the Vedas. However, Buddhism is generally non-theistic (no creator God), and Jainism has a nuanced position on divinity. The Veda-rejection part is accurate.
• B) Project method was advocated by pragmatist thinker Rabindranath Tagore — INCORRECT. The project method is more closely associated with John Dewey and William Heard Kilpatrick, not Tagore.
• C) 'Deschooling Society' was written by Ivan Illich — CORRECT. Ivan Illich's book critiques the institution of formal schooling and advocates for a more holistic approach to learning.
• D) Gandhi advocated higher education for all — INCORRECT. Gandhi actually emphasized basic/primary education (Nai Talim) for all, and was somewhat critical of Western-style higher education.
• E) Charvak was an ardent follower of Advaita Vedant — INCORRECT. Charvaka (Lokayata) was a materialistic school that rejected the Vedas, Brahman, and all metaphysical concepts central to Advaita Vedanta.

Step 4: Conclusion
Only statements A (partially) and C are correct. Final Answer: (B)