Question:
Out of N, P, As, Sb and Bi, the number of elements that form pentahalides are
Out of N, P, As, Sb and Bi, the number of elements that form pentahalides are
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Nitrogen never forms pentahalides due to absence of d-orbitals in its valence shell.
Updated On: Apr 22, 2026
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Solution and Explanation
Concept:
Group 15 elements form pentahalides if they can expand their octet by using available d-orbitals.
Step 1: Check each element.
N (Nitrogen) $\longrightarrow$ No d-orbitals in valence shell, cannot expand octet
P (Phosphorus) $\longrightarrow$ Has 3d-orbitals, forms \( PCl_5 \)
As (Arsenic) $\longrightarrow$ Has 4d-orbitals, forms \( AsCl_5 \)
Sb (Antimony) $\longrightarrow$ Has 5d-orbitals, forms \( SbCl_5 \)
Bi (Bismuth) $\longrightarrow$ Has 6d-orbitals, forms \( BiCl_5 \)
Step 2: Count.
\[ \text{P, As, Sb, Bi} = 4 \text{ elements} \]
Step 3: Conclusion.
Thus, number of elements that form pentahalides = 4.
Step 1: Check each element.
N (Nitrogen) $\longrightarrow$ No d-orbitals in valence shell, cannot expand octet
P (Phosphorus) $\longrightarrow$ Has 3d-orbitals, forms \( PCl_5 \)
As (Arsenic) $\longrightarrow$ Has 4d-orbitals, forms \( AsCl_5 \)
Sb (Antimony) $\longrightarrow$ Has 5d-orbitals, forms \( SbCl_5 \)
Bi (Bismuth) $\longrightarrow$ Has 6d-orbitals, forms \( BiCl_5 \)
Step 2: Count.
\[ \text{P, As, Sb, Bi} = 4 \text{ elements} \]
Step 3: Conclusion.
Thus, number of elements that form pentahalides = 4.
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