Step 1: Understanding the Question:
This question tests knowledge of soil fertility evaluation methods.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
The nutrient index approach for soil fertility evaluation was proposed by Piper.
It classifies soils into low, medium, and high fertility categories based on nutrient availability.
Liebig (A): Proposed the Law of the Minimum.
Parker (B): Not a standard name.
Mehlich (C): Developed soil test extractants.
Thus, the correct answer is Piper.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Thus, the nutrient index approach was proposed by Piper, which corresponds to option (D).
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