Question:
Necrosis and apoptosis are two mechanisms involved in cell death in multicellular organisms. Choose statements that are TRUE for necrosis from the following statements:
(A) Naturally occuring physiological process of premature cell death.
(B) Pathological process caused by cell injury due to toxins, truma and infections.
(C) Unregulated and accidental cell death.
(D) Always harmful to the organism.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Necrosis and apoptosis are two mechanisms involved in cell death in multicellular organisms. Choose statements that are TRUE for necrosis from the following statements:
(A) Naturally occuring physiological process of premature cell death.
(B) Pathological process caused by cell injury due to toxins, truma and infections.
(C) Unregulated and accidental cell death.
(D) Always harmful to the organism.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(A) Naturally occuring physiological process of premature cell death.
(B) Pathological process caused by cell injury due to toxins, truma and infections.
(C) Unregulated and accidental cell death.
(D) Always harmful to the organism.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Show Hint
To easily differentiate the two types of cell death:
- Apoptosis: Programmed, physiological, no inflammation (clean/beneficial).
- Necrosis: Accidental, pathological, causes inflammation (messy/harmful).
- Apoptosis: Programmed, physiological, no inflammation (clean/beneficial).
- Necrosis: Accidental, pathological, causes inflammation (messy/harmful).
Updated On: Jul 23, 2026
- (A), (B) and (C) only.
- (A), (B) and (D) only.
- (A), (C) and (D) only.
- (B), (C) and (D) only.
Show Solution
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The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Cell death in multicellular organisms occurs via two primary pathways: necrosis and apoptosis.
These processes differ fundamentally in their triggers, biochemistry, cellular morphology, and physiological consequences.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us evaluate each of the given statements with respect to necrosis.
- Statement (A) is incorrect. Necrosis is not a naturally occurring physiological process.
Apoptosis is the programmed, physiological form of cell death (e.g., during embryonic development or tissue turnover).
Necrosis is always a premature, non-programmed event.
- Statement (B) is correct. Necrosis is a pathological process that occurs in response to severe cell injury, such as hypoxia, physical trauma, extreme temperatures, toxins, or microbial infections.
- Statement (C) is correct. Unlike apoptosis, which is highly regulated and requires energy (ATP), necrosis is an unregulated, passive, and accidental form of cell death.
It is characterized by the loss of membrane integrity, swelling of the cell and organelles (oncosis), and eventual cell rupture.
- Statement (D) is correct. Necrosis is always harmful to the organism.
When the necrotic cell membrane ruptures, intracellular enzymes, proteins, and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are released into the surrounding extracellular space.
This induces an inflammatory response, which can cause secondary damage to adjacent healthy cells and tissues.
In contrast, apoptosis is a clean, phagocyte-cleared process that does not cause inflammation.
Therefore, statements (B), (C), and (D) are correct, and Statement (A) is incorrect.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct option is (D).
Cell death in multicellular organisms occurs via two primary pathways: necrosis and apoptosis.
These processes differ fundamentally in their triggers, biochemistry, cellular morphology, and physiological consequences.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us evaluate each of the given statements with respect to necrosis.
- Statement (A) is incorrect. Necrosis is not a naturally occurring physiological process.
Apoptosis is the programmed, physiological form of cell death (e.g., during embryonic development or tissue turnover).
Necrosis is always a premature, non-programmed event.
- Statement (B) is correct. Necrosis is a pathological process that occurs in response to severe cell injury, such as hypoxia, physical trauma, extreme temperatures, toxins, or microbial infections.
- Statement (C) is correct. Unlike apoptosis, which is highly regulated and requires energy (ATP), necrosis is an unregulated, passive, and accidental form of cell death.
It is characterized by the loss of membrane integrity, swelling of the cell and organelles (oncosis), and eventual cell rupture.
- Statement (D) is correct. Necrosis is always harmful to the organism.
When the necrotic cell membrane ruptures, intracellular enzymes, proteins, and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are released into the surrounding extracellular space.
This induces an inflammatory response, which can cause secondary damage to adjacent healthy cells and tissues.
In contrast, apoptosis is a clean, phagocyte-cleared process that does not cause inflammation.
Therefore, statements (B), (C), and (D) are correct, and Statement (A) is incorrect.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct option is (D).
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