Question

Match List-I with List-II
{|p{7cm}|p{7cm}|} List-I (Physical parameter) & List-II (Unit)
(A) Surface tension & (I) Kilogram per cubic meter
(B) Viscosity & (II) Newton per meter
(C) Soil permeability & (III) Meter per hour
(D) Particle density & (IV) Pascal
(E) Soil water potential & (V) Pascal-second

• (A) - (IV), (B) - (III), (C) - (I), (D) - (II), (E) - (V)
• (A) - (V), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (III), (E) - (II)
• (A) - (II), (B) - (V), (C) - (III), (D) - (I), (E) - (IV)
• (A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (IV), (D) - (III), (E) - (V)

Hint:

To solve dimensional matching questions quickly:
- Density is always Mass/Volume ($\text{kg/m}^3$).
- Viscosity is always Stress $\times$ Time ($\text{Pa}\cdot\text{s}$).
- Surface tension is always Force/Length ($\text{N/m}$).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
This matching task involves linking key physical and hydrological soil parameters with their standard International System (SI) units of measurement.

Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
Let us determine the correct units for each physical parameter:
(A) Surface tension:
Surface tension ($\gamma$) is the force acting per unit length of a liquid surface, defined as force divided by length.
Its SI unit is Newtons per meter ($\text{N/m}$ or $\text{N}\cdot\text{m}^{-1}$).
Hence, (A) matches with (II).
(B) Viscosity:
Dynamic viscosity ($\mu$) is the ratio of shear stress to the velocity gradient in a fluid.
Its SI unit is Pascal-seconds ($\text{Pa}\cdot\text{s}$) or $\text{kg}\cdot\text{m}^{-1}\cdot\text{s}^{-1}$.
Hence, (B) matches with (V).
(C) Soil permeability:
Soil permeability (often represented by saturated hydraulic conductivity, $K_{\text{sat}}$) describes the rate of water movement through soil.
It is expressed as velocity (length per unit time).
Its standard unit is meters per hour ($\text{m/hr}$) or centimeters per day ($\text{cm/day}$).
Hence, (C) matches with (III).
(D) Particle density:
Particle density ($\rho_s$) is the mass of dry soil solids divided by the volume of those solids.
Its SI unit is kilograms per cubic meter ($\text{kg/m}^3$ or $\text{kg}\cdot\text{m}^{-3}$).
Hence, (D) matches with (I).
(E) Soil water potential:
Soil water potential ($\psi$) represents the potential energy state of soil water relative to pure, free water.
When expressed on a volume basis, it has units of pressure.
Its SI unit is Pascals ($\text{Pa}$ or $\text{N/m}^2$).
Hence, (E) matches with (IV).

Step 4: Final Answer:
The correct matching sequence is:
(A) - (II), (B) - (V), (C) - (III), (D) - (I), (E) - (IV).
This matches Option (C).