Question

Given below are two statements, one is labeled as Assertion (A), and the other one labeled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): Organic mulch conserves soil moisture.
Reason (R): Organic mulches cut off solar radiation falling on the soil surface and reduce evaporation.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.

• A. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• B. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A).
• C. (A) is true but (R) is false.
• D. (A) is false but (R) is true.

Hint:

By reducing soil evaporation, organic mulches help maintain a more consistent soil moisture profile, which improves water-use efficiency and reduces the need for frequent irrigation.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Mulching is the practice of applying a protective layer of material to the soil surface. This layer alters the microclimate of the soil, influencing temperature, moisture dynamics, and biological activity.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
- Assertion (A) is true: Applying organic mulches (such as straw, woodchips, or crop residues) to the soil surface is a common method for conserving soil moisture in agricultural and landscape settings.
- Reason (R) is true: The organic mulch layer acts as a physical barrier that intercepts incoming solar radiation, keeping the soil surface cooler. It also restricts wind movement across the soil surface, which reduces the rate of water vapor loss through evaporation.
- Relationship: Because organic mulches block solar radiation and reduce soil evaporation (R), they conserve soil moisture (A). Therefore, (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct option is (A).