Question

Match List - I with List - II.

List - I
A. A fire in factory delaying production for three weeks
B. An era of prosperity
C. A need for increased wheat production due to constant increase in population
D. The increase in day temperature from winter to summer

List - II
I. Seasonal Variation
II. Secular Trend
III. Cyclical Variation
IV. Irregular Variation

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

• A. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
• B. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
• C. A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I
• D. A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I

Hint:

Irregular = sudden and unpredictable, cyclical = multi-year swings, secular = long-term trend, seasonal = repeats within a year.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understanding the Question:

• A time series is affected by four components: secular trend, seasonal variation, cyclical variation and irregular variation. We match each situation with its component.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:

• A. A factory fire that delays production for three weeks is a sudden, unpredictable event, so it is an Irregular Variation (IV).

• B. An era of prosperity is part of the up and down swings of the business cycle that last several years, so it is a Cyclical Variation (III).

• C. A constant increase in population gives a long-term upward movement in the need for wheat, so it is a Secular Trend (II).

• D. The rise in temperature from winter to summer repeats every year, so it is a Seasonal Variation (I).

• So the matching is A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I.

Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct option is (B) A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I.