Question

Match List I with List II
List I (Soil parameters):
A. Hydraulic conductivity
B. Hydraulic head
C. Hydraulic diffusivity
D. Bulk density
E. Water content
List II (Unit):
I. kg m\(^{-3}\)
II. N m\(^{-1}\)
III. m\(^2\) hr\(^{-1}\)
IV. m\(^3\) m\(^{-3}\)
V. m
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. A - IV, B - III, C - I, D - II, E - V
• B. A - V, B - IV, C - I, D - III, E - II
• C. A - II, B - V, C - III, D - I, E - IV
• D. A - I, B - II, C - IV, D - III, E - V

Hint:

To solve this quickly, start with the most obvious units: Bulk density is mass over volume, which must be $\text{kg m}^{-3}$ (D-I). Hydraulic head is measured as a height/length of water, which must be meters (B-V). This immediately narrows down the options.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Soil physical parameters are characterized by standard SI or empirical units.
Matching these parameters with their corresponding dimensions or units helps in verified scientific calculations.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us pair each soil parameter with its correct unit from List II:
A. Hydraulic conductivity: This represents the ease with which water moves through soil pores.
Under certain definitions (e.g., fluid flux per unit driving force, where force is in Newtons), it can be expressed using units involving Newtons and meters, such as N m\(^{-1}\) (II).
B. Hydraulic head: This represents the total fluid energy per unit weight, which is expressed in units of length, typically meters, m (V).
C. Hydraulic diffusivity: This is the ratio of hydraulic conductivity to the specific water capacity.
It has the dimensions of area per unit time, such as m\(^2\) hr\(^{-1}\) (III).
D. Bulk density: This is the mass of dry soil divided by its total volume, expressed as kg m\(^{-3}\) (I).
E. Water content: Volumetric water content is the ratio of water volume to total soil volume, expressed as m\(^3\) m\(^{-3}\) (IV).
This matching yields the sequence: A - II, B - V, C - III, D - I, E - IV.

Step 3: Final Answer:
The matching pairs correspond to option (C).