Question

Match List-I with List-II

List-I (Mineral) & List-II (Deficiency Symptom)
(A) Manganese & (IV) Poor wound healing due to the inactivation of Prolidase
& enzyme
(B) Selenium & (III) Enhanced oxidative stress
(C) Magnesium & (II) Poor Vitamin D status due to lesser formation of biologically
& active form of Vitamin D
(D) Molybdenum & (I) Neurological abnormalities due to sulfite oxidase deficiency

• (A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)
• (A) - (IV), (B) - (III), (C) - (II), (D) - (I)
• (A) - (I), (B) - (III), (C) - (IV), (D) - (II)
• (A) - (I), (B) - (IV), (C) - (II), (D) - (III)

Hint:

Remember that Selenium is a cofactor for glutathione peroxidase (an antioxidant), and Molybdenum is the crucial cofactor for sulfite oxidase, whose deficiency leads to neonatal neurological abnormalities.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Essential minerals act as critical inorganic cofactors for various enzymes.
The deficiency of a specific mineral inactivates its dependent enzyme systems, leading to characteristic physiological and clinical disorders.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us match the minerals in List-I with their deficiency symptoms in List-II:
- (A) Manganese $\rightarrow$ (IV) Poor wound healing due to the inactivation of Prolidase enzyme:
Prolidase is a manganese-dependent metalloenzyme that cleaves C-terminal proline or hydroxyproline residues from dipeptides.
This step is essential for collagen recycling and biosynthesis.
Its inactivation due to manganese deficiency impairs collagen synthesis, causing poor wound healing.
- (B) Selenium $\rightarrow$ (III) Enhanced oxidative stress:
Selenium is an essential constituent of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase.
This enzyme detoxifies hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides.
A deficiency in selenium decreases its activity, leading to accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and enhanced oxidative stress.
- (C) Magnesium $\rightarrow$ (II) Poor Vitamin D status:
Magnesium is a vital cofactor for the hepatic and renal hydroxylase enzymes that convert vitamin D into its biologically active form, $1,25$-dihydroxyvitamin D.
Magnesium deficiency impairs this conversion process, leading to poor vitamin D status.
- (D) Molybdenum $\rightarrow$ (I) Neurological abnormalities due to sulfite oxidase deficiency:
Molybdenum is an essential cofactor for sulfite oxidase, an enzyme required to metabolize sulfur-containing amino acids.
Its deficiency inactivates sulfite oxidase, causing toxic accumulation of sulfite and severe neurological damage in newborns.
This results in the sequence: (A)-(IV), (B)-(III), (C)-(II), (D)-(I).

Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct matching sequence is (A) - (IV), (B) - (III), (C) - (II), (D) - (I).