Question

Match List-I with List-II. List-I: 
A. X-ray diffraction, 
B. Hall effect, 
C. Isothermal expansion, 
D. Adiabatic process. 

List-II: 
I. \(\Delta U=0\) for ideal gas, 
II. No heat exchange, 
III. Bragg's law, 
IV. Carrier concentration and sign.

• A. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
• B. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
• C. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
• D. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III

Hint:

Isothermal means constant temperature, while adiabatic means no heat exchange.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Concept:
This question combines concepts from X-ray diffraction, Hall effect and thermodynamics.

Step 1: X-ray diffraction.
X-ray diffraction from crystal planes is explained using Bragg's law. \[ A\rightarrow III \]

Step 2: Hall effect.
Hall effect is used to determine carrier concentration and sign of charge carriers. \[ B\rightarrow IV \]

Step 3: Isothermal expansion.
For an ideal gas, internal energy depends only on temperature. In isothermal expansion, temperature is constant, so: \[ \Delta U=0 \] \[ C\rightarrow I \]

Step 4: Adiabatic process.
In an adiabatic process, there is no heat exchange: \[ Q=0 \] \[ D\rightarrow II \] Therefore: \[ A-III,\ B-IV,\ C-I,\ D-II \] \[ \therefore \text{Correct Answer is (A)} \]