Question

Match List-I with List-II: 

List-I (Name of fungus)	List-II (Diseases associated with the fungi)
(A) Malassezia pachydermidis	(I) Thrush in human and animals
(B) Aspergillus flavus	(II) Otitis and dermatitis in dogs
(C) Candida albicans	(III) Ring worm in human
(D) Epidermophyton, Microsporum, and Trichophyton	(IV) Aflatoxicosis in poultry

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• (A) - (II), (B) - (III), (C) - (IV), (D) - (I)
• (A) - (IV), (B) - (III), (C) - (II), (D) - (I)
• (A) - (II), (B) - (I), (C) - (IV), (D) - (III)
• (A) - (II), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (III)

Hint:

Remember the classic toxicological link: Aspergillus flavus \(\rightarrow\) Aflatoxins (named after Aspergillus flavus).
This single link helps you match (B) to (IV), immediately ruling out other incorrect options.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
This matching question is centered on veterinary and medical mycology, testing the clinical associations between common pathogenic fungi and the specific diseases or toxicities they cause.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze each fungus listed in List-I and pair it with its corresponding disease in List-II:
- (A) Malassezia pachydermidis:
This is a lipophilic, non-mycelial yeast that is a common commensal organism on the skin and ears of healthy canines.
Under favorable conditions (like humidity or allergies), it can proliferate, leading to opportunistic infections such as yeast dermatitis and external otitis (ear infections) in dogs.
Therefore, (A) matches with (II) Otitis and dermatitis in dogs.
- (B) Aspergillus flavus:
This is a common saprophytic mold found on agricultural crops (such as corn and peanuts).
During storage under warm and humid conditions, Aspergillus flavus produces potent hepatotoxic and carcinogenic mycotoxins called aflatoxins.
Ingestion of contaminated feed by poultry causes severe liver damage and immunosuppression, a condition known as aflatoxicosis.
Therefore, (B) matches with (IV) Aflatoxicosis in poultry.
- (C) Candida albicans:
This is an opportunistic yeast that causes candidiasis.
In young animals and immune-compromised humans, it can infect the mucous membranes of the mouth, esophagus, or crop, forming whitish plaques.
This condition is clinically referred to as "thrush."
Therefore, (C) matches with (I) Thrush in human and animals.
- (D) Epidermophyton, Microsporum, and Trichophyton:
These genera are collectively known as dermatophytes.
They infect keratinized tissues (such as hair, skin, and nails), leading to circular, scaly, and pruritic lesions commonly known as "ringworm" or tinea.
Therefore, (D) matches with (III) Ring worm in human.
Combining these individual matches, we obtain the sequence: (A) - (II), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (III).

Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct matching sequence corresponds to Option (D).