Question

Match List I with List II

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• (A) - (II), (B) - (I), (C) - (IV), (D) - (III)
• (A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)
• (A) - (IV), (B) - (III), (C) - (II), (D) - (I)
• (A) - (III), (B) - (I), (C) - (IV), (D) - (II)

Hint:

Connecting the genus me to the chemical family (e.g., Withania to Withaferin, and Atropa to tropane alkaloids) makes such phytochemical matching questions simple to resolve.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Medicil and aromatic plants produce specific secondary metabolites (alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, and coumarins) that serve as active ingredients in pharmaceutical formulations.

Step 2: Detailed Explation:
Let us alyze each plant species and its characteristic phytochemical component:
- Withania somnifera (commonly known as Ashwagandha or Indian ginseng) belongs to the Solaceae family.
Its major active constituents are steroidal lactones known as withanolides, of which Withaferin-A (II) is a primary pharmacologically active compound.
So, (A) matches with (II).
- Atropa belladon (deadly nightshade) is renowned for containing highly toxic anticholinergic tropane alkaloids (I), including atropine, scopolamine, and hyoscyamine.
So, (B) matches with (I).
- Ammi majus (Bishop's weed) belongs to the Apiaceae family and is a rich source of furanocoumarins, particularly xanthotoxin (IV) (methoxsalen), which is used to treat skin conditions like vitiligo and psoriasis.
So, (C) matches with (IV).
- Fagopyrum esculentum (buckwheat) contains high concentrations of rutin (III), a valuable bioflavonoid glycoside used to strengthen capillaries and reduce high blood pressure.
So, (D) matches with (III).
Matching these pairs yields (A) - (II), (B) - (I), (C) - (IV), (D) - (III).

Step 3: Fil Answer:
The correct matching sequence is (A) - (II), (B) - (I), (C) - (IV), (D) - (III).
Hence, the correct option is (A).