Question

In structural design, what is the primary function of a "shear wall"?

• A. To support vertical loads only
• B. To resist lateral loads such as wind and earthquakes
• C. To provide thermal insulation
• D. To enhance aesthetic appearance

Hint:

Shear walls are essential in high-rise buildings, especially in earthquake-prone regions, for structural safety.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Concept: A shear wall is a vertical structural element designed to resist lateral forces acting on a building, such as wind loads and seismic (earthquake) forces. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the stability and rigidity of structures.
Step 1: Understand lateral forces.
Buildings are subjected to:

• Wind forces
• Earthquake forces

These forces act horizontally and can cause deformation or collapse if not properly resisted.
Step 2: Role of shear walls.
Shear walls:

• Provide lateral strength and stiffness
• Reduce horizontal displacement (drift)
• Transfer loads safely to the foundation

Step 3: Analyze the options.

• Support vertical loads only – incorrect
• Resist lateral loads – correct
• Thermal insulation – unrelated
• Aesthetic appearance – secondary, not primary

Step 4: Conclusion.
Thus, shear walls are primarily used to resist lateral loads.