Concept:
The double-helix structure of DNA is maintained by specific hydrogen bonding between nitrogenous bases.
• This is known as complementary base pairing.
• Chargaff's rules state that certain bases always pair together in specific ratios.
Step 1: DNA Base Pairing Rules.
In the DNA molecule, a purine always pairs with a pyrimidine.
Specifically, Adenine (A) always pairs with Thymine (T).
Guanine (G) always pairs with Cytosine (C).
Step 2: Hydrogen Bond count.
Adenine and Thymine are held together by two hydrogen bonds.
(In contrast, Guanine and Cytosine are held together by three hydrogen bonds).