Question:
If sucrose is boiled with dilute HCl in alcoholic solution, the ratio in which glucose and fructose are formed is
If sucrose is boiled with dilute HCl in alcoholic solution, the ratio in which glucose and fructose are formed is
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Sucrose is a disaccharide made of one glucose unit and one fructose unit. On hydrolysis:
\[
\text{Sucrose} \rightarrow \text{Glucose} + \text{Fructose}
\]
Hence, glucose and fructose are always obtained in an equimolar ratio of \(1:1\).
Updated On: Jul 18, 2026
- \(1:1\)
- \(1:2\)
- \(2:1\)
- \(4:1\)
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The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Recall the composition of sucrose.
Sucrose is a disaccharide composed of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of fructose. Its molecular formula is \[ C_{12}H_{22}O_{11} \] and it contains glucose and fructose units linked through a glycosidic bond.
Step 2: Understand acid hydrolysis of sucrose.
When sucrose is boiled with dilute hydrochloric acid, hydrolysis of the glycosidic linkage occurs. \[ C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}+H_2O \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6+C_6H_{12}O_6 \] The products formed are glucose and fructose.
Step 3: Write the hydrolysis reaction.
\[ \text{Sucrose} \xrightarrow[\text{heat}]{dil.\ HCl} \text{Glucose}+\text{Fructose} \] One mole of sucrose produces: \[ 1 \text{ mole of glucose} \] and \[ 1 \text{ mole of fructose} \]
Step 4: Determine the ratio of products.
Since equal moles of glucose and fructose are produced, \[ \text{Glucose}:\text{Fructose} = 1:1 \]
Step 5: Final conclusion.
Therefore, the ratio in which glucose and fructose are formed is \[ \boxed{1:1} \] Hence, option (1) is correct.
Sucrose is a disaccharide composed of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of fructose. Its molecular formula is \[ C_{12}H_{22}O_{11} \] and it contains glucose and fructose units linked through a glycosidic bond.
Step 2: Understand acid hydrolysis of sucrose.
When sucrose is boiled with dilute hydrochloric acid, hydrolysis of the glycosidic linkage occurs. \[ C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}+H_2O \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6+C_6H_{12}O_6 \] The products formed are glucose and fructose.
Step 3: Write the hydrolysis reaction.
\[ \text{Sucrose} \xrightarrow[\text{heat}]{dil.\ HCl} \text{Glucose}+\text{Fructose} \] One mole of sucrose produces: \[ 1 \text{ mole of glucose} \] and \[ 1 \text{ mole of fructose} \]
Step 4: Determine the ratio of products.
Since equal moles of glucose and fructose are produced, \[ \text{Glucose}:\text{Fructose} = 1:1 \]
Step 5: Final conclusion.
Therefore, the ratio in which glucose and fructose are formed is \[ \boxed{1:1} \] Hence, option (1) is correct.
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