Question:
Identify the reagent used in following reaction.
\(\text{Benzoic acid}\rightarrow _{\Delta \,}^{\text{Reagent}\,}\text{Benzoyl chloride}+\text{phosphorous oxychloride}+\text{Hydrogen chloride}\)
Identify the reagent used in following reaction.
\(\text{Benzoic acid}\rightarrow _{\Delta \,}^{\text{Reagent}\,}\text{Benzoyl chloride}+\text{phosphorous oxychloride}+\text{Hydrogen chloride}\)
\(\text{Benzoic acid}\rightarrow _{\Delta \,}^{\text{Reagent}\,}\text{Benzoyl chloride}+\text{phosphorous oxychloride}+\text{Hydrogen chloride}\)
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The by-products POCl3 and HCl point to PCl5.
Updated On: Oct 1, 2026
- \(\text{PCl}_3\)
- \(\text{HCl}\)
- \(\text{PCl}_5\)
- \(\text{SOCl}_2\)
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The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understand the reaction
A carboxylic acid is converted to an acyl chloride when the OH group is replaced by Cl. Different reagents leave different by-products.
Step 2: Write with PCl5
\[ \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{COOH} + \text{PCl}_5 \xrightarrow{\Delta} \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{COCl} + \text{POCl}_3 + \text{HCl} \]
Step 3: Match by-products
The question lists benzoyl chloride, phosphorus oxychloride (\(\text{POCl}_3\)) and HCl. This exactly matches the PCl5 reaction.
Step 4: Check others
\(\text{PCl}_3\) gives \(\text{H}_3\text{PO}_3\) as the by-product, \(\text{SOCl}_2\) gives \(\text{SO}_2\) and HCl, and HCl alone cannot replace the acid OH group.
Final Answer:
PCl5 gives POCl3 and HCl as by-products. This is option (C). \[ \boxed{\text{(C) }\text{PCl}_5} \]
A carboxylic acid is converted to an acyl chloride when the OH group is replaced by Cl. Different reagents leave different by-products.
Step 2: Write with PCl5
\[ \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{COOH} + \text{PCl}_5 \xrightarrow{\Delta} \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{COCl} + \text{POCl}_3 + \text{HCl} \]
Step 3: Match by-products
The question lists benzoyl chloride, phosphorus oxychloride (\(\text{POCl}_3\)) and HCl. This exactly matches the PCl5 reaction.
Step 4: Check others
\(\text{PCl}_3\) gives \(\text{H}_3\text{PO}_3\) as the by-product, \(\text{SOCl}_2\) gives \(\text{SO}_2\) and HCl, and HCl alone cannot replace the acid OH group.
Final Answer:
PCl5 gives POCl3 and HCl as by-products. This is option (C). \[ \boxed{\text{(C) }\text{PCl}_5} \]
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