Question

How many flip-flops are required to build a MOD-16 counter?

• A. 2
• B. 3
• C. 4
• D. 5

Hint:

MOD-N counter → Flip-flops = $\log_2 N$ → For 16 → 4 flip-flops.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Concept: A MOD-N counter requires a number of flip-flops such that: \[ N \leq 2^n \] where $n$ is the number of flip-flops.
Step 1: Given MOD value.
\[ N = 16 \]
Step 2: Find minimum $n$.
\[ 2^n \geq 16 \] \[ 2^4 = 16 \]
Step 3: Conclusion.
Thus, 4 flip-flops are required.