Question:
Given below are two statements: Statement I: The electrical conductivity of a solution decreases with dilution. Statement II: The overall reaction in $H_{2}-O_{2}$ fuel cell is: $2H_{2}O(l)\longrightarrow2H_{2}(g)+O_{2}(g)$. The correct answer is:
Given below are two statements: Statement I: The electrical conductivity of a solution decreases with dilution. Statement II: The overall reaction in $H_{2}-O_{2}$ fuel cell is: $2H_{2}O(l)\longrightarrow2H_{2}(g)+O_{2}(g)$. The correct answer is:
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Conductivity ($\kappa$) ALWAYS decreases with dilution because ion density drops, but molar conductivity ($\Lambda_{m}$) ALWAYS increases with dilution.
Updated On: Jun 3, 2026
- Both statements I and statement II are correct.
- Both statements I and statement II are not correct.
- Statement I is correct but statement II is not correct.
- Statement I is not correct but statement II is correct.
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The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Concept
This problem evaluates two electrochemistry fundamentals: the physical nature of electrolytic conductivity and the chemical reaction profile of a standard hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell.
Step 2: Meaning
Conductivity ($\kappa$) refers to the current-carrying capability per unit volume of solution, while a fuel cell combines hydrogen and oxygen reactants to generate electricity and produce water as a byproduct.
Step 3: Analysis
* **Statement I is correct**: Electrical conductivity ($\kappa$) depends on the number of current-carrying ions present per unit volume of the solution. Upon dilution, the total volume increases, causing the number of ions per unit volume to decrease, which lowers the conductivity. * **Statement II is incorrect**: The net chemical reaction inside a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell converts gaseous fuel inputs into liquid water to produce power: $$2H_{2}(g) + O_{2}(g) \longrightarrow 2H_{2}O(l)$$ The statement incorrectly provides the reverse equation, which represents the electrolysis of water instead.
Step 4: Conclusion
Statement I matches the laws of chemistry, while Statement II is wrong. This confirms option (C).
Final Answer: (C)
This problem evaluates two electrochemistry fundamentals: the physical nature of electrolytic conductivity and the chemical reaction profile of a standard hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell.
Step 2: Meaning
Conductivity ($\kappa$) refers to the current-carrying capability per unit volume of solution, while a fuel cell combines hydrogen and oxygen reactants to generate electricity and produce water as a byproduct.
Step 3: Analysis
* **Statement I is correct**: Electrical conductivity ($\kappa$) depends on the number of current-carrying ions present per unit volume of the solution. Upon dilution, the total volume increases, causing the number of ions per unit volume to decrease, which lowers the conductivity. * **Statement II is incorrect**: The net chemical reaction inside a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell converts gaseous fuel inputs into liquid water to produce power: $$2H_{2}(g) + O_{2}(g) \longrightarrow 2H_{2}O(l)$$ The statement incorrectly provides the reverse equation, which represents the electrolysis of water instead.
Step 4: Conclusion
Statement I matches the laws of chemistry, while Statement II is wrong. This confirms option (C).
Final Answer: (C)
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