Question:
Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : Mismatched blood transfusion is adverse reaction of Type 2 complement mediated cytotoxic hypersensitivity.
Reason (R) : Natural killer cells play a role in destruction of transformed cells.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.
Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : Mismatched blood transfusion is adverse reaction of Type 2 complement mediated cytotoxic hypersensitivity.
Reason (R) : Natural killer cells play a role in destruction of transformed cells.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.
Assertion (A) : Mismatched blood transfusion is adverse reaction of Type 2 complement mediated cytotoxic hypersensitivity.
Reason (R) : Natural killer cells play a role in destruction of transformed cells.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.
Show Hint
To check the connection:
"Mismatched blood transfusion is a Type II hypersensitivity because Natural Killer cells destroy transformed cells."
These are two unrelated immunological facts. Both statements are true, but they are not causally linked. This confirms Option (B) is correct.
"Mismatched blood transfusion is a Type II hypersensitivity because Natural Killer cells destroy transformed cells."
These are two unrelated immunological facts. Both statements are true, but they are not causally linked. This confirms Option (B) is correct.
Updated On: Jul 23, 2026
- Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
- Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A).
- (A) is true but (R) is false.
- (A) is false but (R) is true.
Show Solution
Verified By Collegedunia
The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Type II (antibody-mediated/cytotoxic) hypersensitivity involves antibody binding to cell-surface antigens, which triggers cell destruction through complement activation or antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC).
Natural Killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes of the innate immune system that destroy virally infected and neoplastic cells.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us evaluate the Assertion and the Reason.
Assertion (A) is correct. A mismatched blood transfusion is a classic example of Type II (antibody-mediated) hypersensitivity.
When an animal receives blood containing foreign erythrocyte antigens, pre-existing antibodies (alloantibodies) bind to the donor red blood cells.
This antigen-antibody complex activates the classical pathway of the complement system.
This cascade leads to the assembly of the Membrane Attack Complex (MAC), resulting in the direct lysis of the transfused red blood cells (intravascular hemolysis).
Reason (R) is also correct. Natural Killer (NK) cells are key players in immunological surveillance.
They recognize transformed (tumor) cells that downregulate Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Class I molecules and destroy them by releasing perforins and granzymes.
Let us analyze the relationship between the two statements.
While both statements are individually true, the Reason (R) is unrelated to the Assertion (A).
The mechanism of matched blood transfusion reactions involves antibody-mediated, complement-dependent lysis of erythrocytes.
It is not explained by the surveillance of tumor cells by Natural Killer cells.
Therefore, both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A).
Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct option is (B).
Type II (antibody-mediated/cytotoxic) hypersensitivity involves antibody binding to cell-surface antigens, which triggers cell destruction through complement activation or antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC).
Natural Killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes of the innate immune system that destroy virally infected and neoplastic cells.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us evaluate the Assertion and the Reason.
Assertion (A) is correct. A mismatched blood transfusion is a classic example of Type II (antibody-mediated) hypersensitivity.
When an animal receives blood containing foreign erythrocyte antigens, pre-existing antibodies (alloantibodies) bind to the donor red blood cells.
This antigen-antibody complex activates the classical pathway of the complement system.
This cascade leads to the assembly of the Membrane Attack Complex (MAC), resulting in the direct lysis of the transfused red blood cells (intravascular hemolysis).
Reason (R) is also correct. Natural Killer (NK) cells are key players in immunological surveillance.
They recognize transformed (tumor) cells that downregulate Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Class I molecules and destroy them by releasing perforins and granzymes.
Let us analyze the relationship between the two statements.
While both statements are individually true, the Reason (R) is unrelated to the Assertion (A).
The mechanism of matched blood transfusion reactions involves antibody-mediated, complement-dependent lysis of erythrocytes.
It is not explained by the surveillance of tumor cells by Natural Killer cells.
Therefore, both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A).
Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct option is (B).
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