Question

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A): Electrophoresis separates materials according to their migration rates on a stationary solid phase.
Reason (R): Electrophoresis is most useful for characterizing proteins and DNA in dried blood.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :

• A. Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
• B. Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
• C. (A) is correct but (R) is not correct
• D. (A) is not correct but (R) is correct

Hint:

Electrophoresis principle = Migration in electric field; Application = DNA & protein analysis.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Concept: Electrophoresis is a separation technique based on movement of charged particles in an electric field through a medium such as gel or paper.

Step 1: Analyzing Assertion (A).
In electrophoresis, molecules migrate through a stationary medium (gel or solid support) under the influence of an electric field. Their migration depends on:
• Size
• Charge
• Shape Thus, Assertion (A) is correct.

Step 2: Analyzing Reason (R).
Electrophoresis is indeed widely used in forensic science for analyzing:
• DNA samples
• Proteins
• Biological evidence such as dried blood stains Thus, Reason (R) is also correct.

Step 3: Evaluating relationship.
Although both statements are correct, the reason does not explain the principle of separation described in the assertion. It only states an application.

Step 4: Final evaluation.
Thus, both are correct but unrelated in explanation. Final Conclusion:
Hence, the correct answer is option (2).