Question

Five Year Plans in India were guided by which goals?
• [(A)] Modernization
• [(B)] Equality
• [(C)] Subsidies
• [(D)] Self-reliance
• [(E)] Growth

• A. A, B, C, E only
• B. A, C, D, E only
• C. B, C, D, E only
• D. A, B, D, E only

Hint:

The four core goals of Indian Five Year Plans are: \[ \text{Growth, Modernization, Self-reliance, and Equity} \] Subsidies are tools or policies, not planning goals.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Concept: After independence, India adopted Five Year Plans to achieve economic and social development. These plans were designed to improve living standards, increase production, and strengthen the economy. The major goals of Indian planning were:
• Growth
• Modernization
• Self-reliance
• Equity (Equality)

Step 1: Analyzing Goal (A) -- Modernization.}
Modernization means adopting:
• New technology
• Scientific methods
• Modern institutions This was one of the important objectives of Five Year Plans. Therefore, (A) is correct.

Step 2: Analyzing Goal (B) -- Equality.}
Equality or equity aimed at reducing:
• Poverty
• Income inequalities
• Regional imbalances Hence, (B) is correct.

Step 3: Analyzing Goal (C) -- Subsidies.}
Subsidies were policy measures used by the government, but they were not considered one of the basic goals of Five Year Planning. Therefore, (C) is incorrect.

Step 4: Analyzing Goal (D) -- Self-reliance.}
Self-reliance means reducing dependence on foreign countries for:
• Technology
• Food grains
• Industrial products Thus, (D) is correct.

Step 5: Analyzing Goal (E) -- Growth.}
Economic growth refers to an increase in:
• National income
• Production of goods and services Growth was one of the central goals of planning. Therefore, (E) is correct.

Step 6: Selecting the correct option.}
The correct combination is: \[ A, B, D, E \] Hence, the correct answer is: \[ \boxed{\text{A, B, D, E only}} \]