Concept:
Chromatography techniques separate molecules based on their unique physical and chemical properties.
• Choosing the right method depends on the nature of the target molecule (charge, size, or shape).
• Each type of column uses a different principle of interaction.
Step 1: Matching the Core Principles. Ion exchange chromatography separates proteins based on their surface charge (A-4).
Gel filtration (also called size-exclusion) separates molecules purely by their size and shape (B-2).
Step 2: Completing the Pairings. Affinity chromatography uses a highly specific binding partner (like an antibody or metal ion) (C-1).
Hydrophobic interaction chromatography utilizes the hydrophobic regions on the protein surface (D-3).
Final Answer:
The correct mapping of chromatography types to their principles is A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3.
