Question

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R.
Assertion A: Nephrons are of two types: Cortical & Juxta medullary, based on their relative position in cortex and medulla.
Reason R: Juxta medullary nephrons have short loop of Henle whereas, cortical nephrons have longer loop of Henle.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
• B. A is true but R is false.
• C. A is false but R is true.
• D. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

To solve this question, we need to evaluate the truth of the given statements and the logical relationship between them.
Assertion A: Nephrons are of two types: Cortical & Juxta medullary, based on their relative position in cortex and medulla.
This statement is true. Nephrons are indeed categorized into cortical and juxta medullary types. Cortical nephrons are primarily located in the outer cortex, while juxta medullary nephrons are located closer to the medulla.
Reason R: Juxta medullary nephrons have short loop of Henle whereas, cortical nephrons have longer loop of Henle.
This statement is false. In reality, juxta medullary nephrons have a longer loop of Henle, which extends deep into the medulla, aiding in the concentration of urine. Cortical nephrons have shorter loops of Henle.
Therefore, the correct choice is: A is true but R is false.

Answer 2

EXPLANATION:

• The assertion is a correct statement, as the kidney has small functional units called nephrons inside it.
• The function of the nephron is ultrafiltration of blood. 
• There are 2 types of nephrons: cortical & juxtamedullary.
• The names of these are given according to their location inside the kidney. Cortical nephrons are present on the cortex of the kidney, which is on the outer side.
• Juxtamedullary nephrons are situated near the medulla, which is the inner region of the kidney.
• The reason is false; the answer is the opposite. juxtamedullary nephron, which is on the inner side of the kidney, has a longer loop of Henle.
• The cortical nephron, which is present on the inner side, has a shorter loop than the Henle.
• The longer length of the loop of the Henle can reabsorb water more efficiently; hence, the nephrons in the inner region have a longer loop of Henle.