Question:
Assertion (A): In glycolysis, glucose breaks down to pyruvic acid without utilizing oxygen.
Reason (R): An living organism retain enzymatic machinery to partially oxidize glucose without the help of oxygen.
Assertion (A): In glycolysis, glucose breaks down to pyruvic acid without utilizing oxygen.
Reason (R): An living organism retain enzymatic machinery to partially oxidize glucose without the help of oxygen.
Reason (R): An living organism retain enzymatic machinery to partially oxidize glucose without the help of oxygen.
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Glycolysis is the only pathway of respiration common to both aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
Because it occurs in the cytoplasm, it does not require mitochondria or molecular oxygen.
Because it occurs in the cytoplasm, it does not require mitochondria or molecular oxygen.
Updated On: Jul 22, 2026
- Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation to (A)
- Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not correct explanation for (A)
- (A) is correct (R) is wrong
- (A) is wrong (R) is correct
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The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Question:
The question presents an Assertion regarding the anaerobic nature of glycolysis and a Reason concerning the evolutionary conservation of anaerobic metabolic pathways in living systems.
Step 2: Key Concepts and Approach:
We evaluate glycolysis (the EMP pathway), which is the primary stage of cellular respiration occurring in the cytoplasm of all living cells.
We analyze if both statements are biologically true and whether the Reason provides the biochemical explanation for the Assertion.
Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
• Assertion (A): Glycolysis is a sequence of ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions that converts one molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvic acid.
This process takes place in the cytosol and does not require oxygen. Thus, Assertion (A) is correct.
• Reason (R): All living organisms, including obligate aerobes, facultative anaerobes, and obligate anaerobes, possess the cytoplasmic enzymes necessary to carry out glycolysis.
This allows them to partially oxidize glucose to extract energy (as ATP and NADH) in the absence of oxygen. Thus, Reason (R) is correct.
• Connecting A and R: The Reason describes a broad evolutionary fact—that organisms retain these ancient enzymatic pathways.
However, it does not explain the biochemical mechanism of *why* glycolysis itself does not require oxygen (which is because none of its ten steps involve oxidation-reduction reactions that use molecular oxygen as an electron acceptor).
Therefore, both statements are correct, but (R) is not the direct or correct explanation of (A).
Step 4: Final Answer:
Both statements are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
The question presents an Assertion regarding the anaerobic nature of glycolysis and a Reason concerning the evolutionary conservation of anaerobic metabolic pathways in living systems.
Step 2: Key Concepts and Approach:
We evaluate glycolysis (the EMP pathway), which is the primary stage of cellular respiration occurring in the cytoplasm of all living cells.
We analyze if both statements are biologically true and whether the Reason provides the biochemical explanation for the Assertion.
Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
• Assertion (A): Glycolysis is a sequence of ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions that converts one molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvic acid.
This process takes place in the cytosol and does not require oxygen. Thus, Assertion (A) is correct.
• Reason (R): All living organisms, including obligate aerobes, facultative anaerobes, and obligate anaerobes, possess the cytoplasmic enzymes necessary to carry out glycolysis.
This allows them to partially oxidize glucose to extract energy (as ATP and NADH) in the absence of oxygen. Thus, Reason (R) is correct.
• Connecting A and R: The Reason describes a broad evolutionary fact—that organisms retain these ancient enzymatic pathways.
However, it does not explain the biochemical mechanism of *why* glycolysis itself does not require oxygen (which is because none of its ten steps involve oxidation-reduction reactions that use molecular oxygen as an electron acceptor).
Therefore, both statements are correct, but (R) is not the direct or correct explanation of (A).
Step 4: Final Answer:
Both statements are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
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