Arrange the following sludge treatment unit operations and processes in chronological order:
A. Conditioning
B. Dewatering
C. Concentration
D. Digestion
E. Incineration
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A. Conditioning
B. Dewatering
C. Concentration
D. Digestion
E. Incineration
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Show Hint
- C, B, A, D, E
- A, D, C, B, E
- C, D, A, B, E
- A, B, C, D, E
The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Initial volume reduction.
The process begins with Concentration (C) (or Thickening), which reduces the water content to decrease the overall volume of sludge to be handled.
Step 2: Stabilization.
Next is Digestion (D) (Anaerobic or Aerobic), which stabilizes the organic matter, reduces pathogens, and eliminates odors.
Step 3: Preparation for drying.
Before water can be removed effectively, Conditioning (A) is performed (using chemicals like alum or lime) to improve the drainage characteristics of the sludge.
Step 4: Final treatment and disposal.
Dewatering (B) then removes enough water to turn the sludge into a semi-solid "cake." Finally, Incineration (E) is used for complete destruction of organic matter if land disposal is not feasible.
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