Question

Animal species can vary in whether dispersal is more likely among male offspring (male-biased), female offspring (female-biased), or similar between the sexes. Dispersal in birds and mammals is most commonly:

• A. female-biased and male-biased, respectively.
• B. female-biased and similar between the sexes, respectively.
• C. male-biased and female-biased, respectively.
• D. similar between the sexes, and female-biased respectively.

Hint:

Dispersal patterns are typically influenced by mating systems and resource availability, which differ between species.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Dispersal patterns in animals, particularly in birds and mammals, can be influenced by various ecological and evolutionary factors.

Step 1: Understand dispersal patterns.
In birds, it is common for males to disperse more frequently than females. This is thought to be due to females remaining close to their natal territory to facilitate reproduction and maintain access to resources.
In mammals, it is the opposite: females often remain close to their birthplace, while males tend to disperse to avoid inbreeding and establish their own territories.

Step 2: Match the answer.
- Female-biased dispersal in birds and male-biased dispersal in mammals is the typical pattern observed. Thus, option (A) is correct.

Step 3: Conclusion.
The correct answer is (A) because it accurately reflects the common dispersal patterns in birds and mammals.