Question

An example for peritrichous flagella is ....... organism.

• A. Vibrio cholerae
• B. Pseudomos aeruginosa
• C. Bartonella bacilliformis
• D. Salmonella typhi

Hint:

"Peri-" means "around" or "surrounding" in Greek.
Therefore, "peritrichous" flagella are located all around the perimeter of the bacterial cell.
Members of the family Enterobacteriaceae (such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella) are classic peritrichous examples.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Bacterial flagella are whip-like appendages that provide motility to bacterial cells.
Bacteria are classified into different groups based on the arrangement and number of flagella on their cell surfaces.

Step 2: Detailed Explation:
The common types of flagellar arrangements are:
1. Monotrichous: A single polar flagellum (e.g., Vibrio cholerae).
2. Lophotrichous: A tuft of flagella at one or both ends (e.g., Pseudomos fluorescens, Bartonella bacilliformis).
3. Amphitrichous: A single flagellum at both ends.
4. Peritrichous: Multiple flagella randomly distributed over the entire surface of the cell.
Salmonella typhi, the Gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium responsible for typhoid fever, has peritrichous flagella.
These flagella allow Salmonella to swim in a coordited "run-and-tumble" motion, which helps it vigate toward nutrient sources and invade host intestil tissues.
Vibrio cholerae and Pseudomos aeruginosa both possess a single polar flagellum (monotrichous), which gives them rapid, darting motility.

Step 3: Fil Answer
The bacterium possessing a peritrichous flagellar arrangement among the options is Salmonella typhi.