List of top Questions asked in HBSE Class 12- 2026

Define AIDS, its causative agent, and methods of prevention.
Define Double Fertilization and explain its significance in flowering plants.
What is Megasporogenesis? Describe the development of a female gametophyte.
Discuss different contraceptive methods and their roles in population control.
State and explain Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment using a dihybrid cross.
Explain the Semi-conservative mode of DNA replication with the Meselson and Stahl experiment.
Define Adaptive Radiation and give examples like Darwin's Finches.
What is Innate Immunity? Differentiate between active and passive immunity.
Explain the main features of the Mauryan Administration as described in the Arthashastra and Indica.
Discuss the role of Stupas in Buddhism and explain the architecture of the Sanchi Stupa.
Compare the perceptions of Indian society as described by Al-Biruni and Ibn Battuta.
Explain the Permanent Settlement system implemented by the British in 1793.
Analyze Mahatma Gandhi's role in the Non-Cooperation Movement and the Quit India Movement.
Describe the challenges faced during the making of the Indian Constitution and the debate over the powers of states.
Explain the various phases of the menstrual cycle.
Explain the unique features of the domestic architecture and drainage system of Mohenjodaro.
Discuss the various reasons proposed by historians for the decline of the Indus Valley Civilization.
Who was Alexander Cunningham, and what was his contribution to Indian archaeology?
Explain the causes and effects of inflation.
Discuss the role of NITI Aayog in economic development of India.
Assertion (A): Increase in bank rate reduces money supply.
Reason (R): Bank rate is the rate at which RBI lends to commercial banks.
Explain the law of diminishing marginal utility with schedule.
Distinguish between change in quantity demanded and change in demand.
Explain the concept of GDP at market price and GDP at factor cost.
What are the objectives of government budget?