Question:
Wrought iron is prepared from cast iron in a reverberatory furnace. The substance commonly used to line the furnace and the chemical process involved in it are respectively
Wrought iron is prepared from cast iron in a reverberatory furnace. The substance commonly used to line the furnace and the chemical process involved in it are respectively
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Wrought iron is the purest commercial form of iron and is produced by oxidation of impurities present in cast iron.
Updated On: Jun 8, 2026
- Magnetite, reduction
- Magnetite, oxidation
- Haematite, oxidation
- Haematite, reduction
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The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
Concept:
Wrought iron is obtained by removing impurities such as carbon, sulfur, and phosphorus from cast iron. This purification is carried out through oxidation inside a reverberatory furnace.
Step 1: Identify the furnace lining material.
The reverberatory furnace used in the puddling process is lined with haematite: \[ Fe_2O_3 \] Haematite acts as an oxidizing agent.
Step 2: Understand the chemical process.
The impurities present in cast iron get oxidized: \[ Fe_2O_3 + 3C \rightarrow 2Fe + 3CO \] Carbon and other impurities are removed by oxidation, converting brittle cast iron into malleable wrought iron. Hence: \[ \boxed{\text{Haematite, oxidation}} \]
Step 1: Identify the furnace lining material.
The reverberatory furnace used in the puddling process is lined with haematite: \[ Fe_2O_3 \] Haematite acts as an oxidizing agent.
Step 2: Understand the chemical process.
The impurities present in cast iron get oxidized: \[ Fe_2O_3 + 3C \rightarrow 2Fe + 3CO \] Carbon and other impurities are removed by oxidation, converting brittle cast iron into malleable wrought iron. Hence: \[ \boxed{\text{Haematite, oxidation}} \]
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