Question

Who propounded Need Hierarchy Theory of motivation

• A. Mc Gregor
• B. Maslow
• C. Herzberg
• D. Vroom

Hint:

Remember the levels of Maslow's pyramid from bottom to top:
Physiological \(\rightarrow\) Safety \(\rightarrow\) Social \(\rightarrow\) Esteem \(\rightarrow\) Self-Actualization.
Lower-level needs must be satisfied before an individual can focus on higher-level needs.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Motivation theories explain what drives human behavior and how managers can motivate employees to improve organizational productivity.
One of the most famous theories is based on a hierarchy of human needs.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
The Need Hierarchy Theory of motivation was propounded by the American psychologist Abraham Maslow in his 1943 paper "A Theory of Human Motivation."
Maslow proposed that human needs are organized into a five-level pyramid, where lower-level needs must be satisfied before higher-level needs can motivate behavior:
1.Physiological Needs: Basic survival needs (food, water, shelter).
2.Safety Needs: Security, stability, and protection from harm.
3.Social/Belongingness Needs: Love, affection, friendship, and acceptance. 4.Esteem Needs: Self-respect, recognition, and status.
5.Self-Actualization Needs: Reaching one's full potential and personal growth.
Let us review the other theorists:
- Douglas McGregor (A) developed Theory X and Theory Y.
- Frederick Herzberg (C) proposed the Two-Factor (Motivation-Hygiene) Theory.
- Victor Vroom (D) developed the Expectancy Theory of motivation.

Step 3: Final Answer:
The Need Hierarchy Theory of motivation was propounded by Abraham Maslow.