Question

Which type of overlap is involved in the formation of O–H bonds in a water molecule?

• A. \(sp^2 - p\)
• B. \(sp^3 - s\)
• C. \(sp - s\)
• D. \(sp^2 - s\)

Hint:

Hydrogen always contributes an \(s\)-orbital in covalent bond formation.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Hybridization of oxygen.
In a water molecule, the oxygen atom undergoes \(sp^3\) hybridization due to two bond pairs and two lone pairs.
Step 2: Orbital overlap involved.
Each O–H bond is formed by the overlap of an \(sp^3\)-hybridized orbital of oxygen with the \(1s\) orbital of hydrogen.
Step 3: Conclusion.
Hence, the overlap involved is \(sp^3 - s\).