Question

Which preservative is typically used at a concentration of 4-5% in commercial vinegar?

• A. Citric acid
• B. Acetic acid
• C. Lactic acid
• D. Benzoic acid

Hint:

Vinegar = 4--5% Acetic Acid → Preserves food by lowering pH.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Concept: Vinegar is a widely used food preservative and condiment. Its preservative action is primarily due to the presence of a specific organic acid.
Step 1: Understanding vinegar composition.
Commercial vinegar typically contains about 4--5% acetic acid diluted in water.
Step 2: Role of acetic acid.

• Inhibits growth of spoilage microorganisms
• Lowers pH, creating an unfavorable environment for bacteria
• Enhances flavor and shelf life

Step 3: Comparison with other acids.

• Citric acid: Used in fruits and beverages
• Lactic acid: Produced during fermentation (e.g., curd)
• Benzoic acid: Used as a preservative but not the main component of vinegar

Step 4: Conclusion.
Thus, acetic acid is the preservative present at 4--5% concentration in commercial vinegar.