Question:
Which orbital overlap produces a \(\sigma\) bond in HCl?
Which orbital overlap produces a \(\sigma\) bond in HCl?
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Hydrogen contributes a 1s orbital and chlorine contributes a half-filled 3p orbital.
Updated On: Nov 12, 2026
- s\(-\)s
- s\(-\)p
- p\(-\)p
- p\(-\)d
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The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept
A sigma bond forms by head-on overlap of half-filled orbitals along the bond axis.
Step 2: Orbitals in HCl
Hydrogen has one electron in its 1s orbital.
Chlorine has the configuration \([\text{Ne}]3s^{2}3p^{5}\), with one half-filled 3p orbital.
Step 3: Conclusion
The 1s orbital of H overlaps with the 3p orbital of Cl, so the bond is an s-p sigma bond.
Final Answer:
The sigma bond in HCl is formed by s-p overlap. \[ \boxed{\text{(B) }\text{s}-\text{p}} \]
A sigma bond forms by head-on overlap of half-filled orbitals along the bond axis.
Step 2: Orbitals in HCl
Hydrogen has one electron in its 1s orbital.
Chlorine has the configuration \([\text{Ne}]3s^{2}3p^{5}\), with one half-filled 3p orbital.
Step 3: Conclusion
The 1s orbital of H overlaps with the 3p orbital of Cl, so the bond is an s-p sigma bond.
Final Answer:
The sigma bond in HCl is formed by s-p overlap. \[ \boxed{\text{(B) }\text{s}-\text{p}} \]
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