Question:
Which one of the following molecules is nonpolar?
Which one of the following molecules is nonpolar?
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Linear molecules with identical terminal atoms (CO\(_2\), BeCl\(_2\), C\(_2\)H\(_2\)) are nonpolar. Bent molecules (H\(_2\)O, SO\(_2\)) are polar.
Updated On: Apr 24, 2026
- CO\(_2\)
- H\(_2\)O
- CH\(_3\)OH
- HCl
- NaCl
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The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
A molecule is nonpolar if the vector sum of all bond dipoles is zero. This requires a symmetrical geometry.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
• CO\(_2\): Linear geometry (O=C=O). The two C=O bond dipoles are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. They cancel out. Nonpolar.
• H\(_2\)O: Bent geometry. The two O-H bond dipoles do not cancel. Polar.
• CH\(_3\)OH: Methanol has a polar O-H bond and a bent structure around oxygen. Polar.
• HCl: Diatomic molecule with a polar bond. Polar.
• NaCl: Ionic compound, not a covalent molecule. In the gaseous state, it exists as a polar diatomic molecule.
Step 3: Final Answer:
CO\(_2\) is the nonpolar molecule.
A molecule is nonpolar if the vector sum of all bond dipoles is zero. This requires a symmetrical geometry.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
• CO\(_2\): Linear geometry (O=C=O). The two C=O bond dipoles are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. They cancel out. Nonpolar.
• H\(_2\)O: Bent geometry. The two O-H bond dipoles do not cancel. Polar.
• CH\(_3\)OH: Methanol has a polar O-H bond and a bent structure around oxygen. Polar.
• HCl: Diatomic molecule with a polar bond. Polar.
• NaCl: Ionic compound, not a covalent molecule. In the gaseous state, it exists as a polar diatomic molecule.
Step 3: Final Answer:
CO\(_2\) is the nonpolar molecule.
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