Question

Which of these cells arise from neural crest cells
(A). Melanocytes
(B). Odontoblasts
(C). Schwann cells
(D). Chromaffin cells of adrenal
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. (A), (B) and (D) only.
• B. (B) and (D) only.
• C. (A), (B), (C) and (D).
• D. (B), (C) and (D) only.

Hint:

Neural crest cells are often referred to as the "fourth germ layer" because they are highly multipotent.
They give rise to pigment cells (melanocytes), sensory neurons, Schwann cells, adrenal chromaffin cells, and skeletal elements of the face (odontoblasts).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Neural crest cells are a transient, multipotent group of cells that arise from the ectoderm at the margins of the neural tube during neurulation.
These cells migrate extensively throughout the embryo and differentiate into a wide variety of cell types and tissues.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze the developmental derivatives of neural crest cells:
- Melanocytes (A): These are pigment-producing cells that migrate into the epidermis of the skin and hair follicles, making statement (A) correct.
- Odontoblasts (B): These specialized cells secrete dentin, the mineralized matrix of teeth, making statement (B) correct.
- Schwann cells (C): These are the primary glial cells of the peripheral nervous system, responsible for myelinating peripheral axons, making statement (C) correct.
- Chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla (D): These neuroendocrine cells secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine directly into the bloodstream, making statement (D) correct.
Because neural crest cells differentiate into all of these diverse cell types, all four statements are correct.

Step 3: Final Answer:
All the listed cells (A), (B), (C), and (D) develop from neural crest cells. This corresponds to option (C).