Question:
Which of the followings is NOT involved in translation
Which of the followings is NOT involved in translation
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- Transcription (in nucleus): DNA \(\rightarrow\) mRNA.
- Translation (in cytoplasm on ribosomes): mRNA + tRNA + rRNA + Amino acids \(\rightarrow\) Protein.
DNA is the template for transcription, but does not participate in translation.
- Translation (in cytoplasm on ribosomes): mRNA + tRNA + rRNA + Amino acids \(\rightarrow\) Protein.
DNA is the template for transcription, but does not participate in translation.
Updated On: Jul 24, 2026
- Amino acids
- DNA
- mRNA
- rRNA
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The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Gene expression consists of two main sequential processes: transcription and translation.
Transcription is the synthesis of an RNA molecule from a DNA template in the cell nucleus, while translation is the synthesis of a polypeptide chain from an mRNA template on ribosomes in the cytoplasm.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze the role of each component listed in the options during protein synthesis:
- Amino acids (Option A): These are the building blocks of proteins.
They are transported by transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules to the ribosome, where they are joined by peptide bonds to form a polypeptide chain.
- mRNA (messenger RNA, Option C): This carries the genetic code transcribed from DNA in the form of three-nucleotide codons, which determine the sequence of amino acids in the protein.
- rRNA (ribosomal RNA, Option D): This is the structural and catalytic component of ribosomes, which facilitates the binding of mRNA and tRNAs and catalyzes peptide bond formation.
- DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, Option B): This serves as the master template for transcription to produce mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA in the nucleus.
Once transcription is complete, the DNA remains in the nucleus and does not participate directly in the cytoplasmic translation process.
Therefore, DNA is not involved in translation.
Step 3: Final Answer:
DNA is not involved in translation.
Gene expression consists of two main sequential processes: transcription and translation.
Transcription is the synthesis of an RNA molecule from a DNA template in the cell nucleus, while translation is the synthesis of a polypeptide chain from an mRNA template on ribosomes in the cytoplasm.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze the role of each component listed in the options during protein synthesis:
- Amino acids (Option A): These are the building blocks of proteins.
They are transported by transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules to the ribosome, where they are joined by peptide bonds to form a polypeptide chain.
- mRNA (messenger RNA, Option C): This carries the genetic code transcribed from DNA in the form of three-nucleotide codons, which determine the sequence of amino acids in the protein.
- rRNA (ribosomal RNA, Option D): This is the structural and catalytic component of ribosomes, which facilitates the binding of mRNA and tRNAs and catalyzes peptide bond formation.
- DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, Option B): This serves as the master template for transcription to produce mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA in the nucleus.
Once transcription is complete, the DNA remains in the nucleus and does not participate directly in the cytoplasmic translation process.
Therefore, DNA is not involved in translation.
Step 3: Final Answer:
DNA is not involved in translation.
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