Question

Which of the following statements are correct about Gandhi's activism in India:
A. Champaran Satyagraha (1917)
B. Kheda Satyagraha (1918)
C. Calcutta Mill Strike (1918)
D. Bardoli Satyagraha (1928)

• A. A and B only
• B. A and C only
• C. B and D only
• D. C and D only

Hint:

The "Early Trio" of Gandhi's Indian movements are C-A-K: Champaran, Ahmedabad (Mill), and Kheda.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Concept: After returning from South Africa in 1915, Mahatma Gandhi led several localized movements that established his leadership style before he transitioned to national-scale movements.

Step 1: Verifying Gandhi's Personal Leadership.

• A. Champaran Satyagraha (1917): Gandhi's first major civil disobedience in India, fought for indigo farmers in Bihar. (Correct)
• B. Kheda Satyagraha (1918): Gandhi led this for peasants in Gujarat who were unable to pay taxes due to crop failure. (Correct)

Step 2: Analyzing Errors and Exclusions.

• C. Calcutta Mill Strike: There was a famous Ahmedabad Mill Strike in 1918 led by Gandhi, but "Calcutta Mill Strike" is not a recognized milestone of his early activism. (Incorrect)
• D. Bardoli Satyagraha (1928): While Gandhi supported it, this movement was primarily led and organized by Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, which earned him the title 'Sardar'. (Excluded in the context of Gandhi's primary early activism).