Question:

Which of the following process is absent in glass manufacturing?

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Glass manufacturing involves melting, forming, and annealing; sintering is mainly a ceramic powder process.
  • Annealing
  • Forming
  • Sintering
  • Melting
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The Correct Option is C

Solution and Explanation

Concept: Glass manufacturing involves batch preparation, melting, refining, forming, and annealing. Sintering is mainly associated with ceramic powder processing.

Step 1:
In glass manufacturing, raw materials are first melted to form molten glass. \[ \text{Batch} \rightarrow \text{Melting} \]

Step 2:
The molten glass is refined to remove bubbles.

Step 3:
The glass is then formed into products such as sheets, bottles, or fibers.

Step 4:
Finally, the glass is annealed to remove internal stresses.

Step 5:
Sintering is not a normal process in glass manufacturing. It is mainly used in ceramic processing where powder particles bond together below melting point. Therefore, the process absent in glass manufacturing is: \[ \boxed{\text{Sintering}} \]
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