Question

Which of the following organic acids are used as acidulants in the food industry?
(A). Acetic acid, lactic acid, citric acid
(B). Lactic acid, phosphoric acid, citric acid
(C). Phosphoric acid, lactic acid, fumaric acid
(D). Fumaric acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• (A) and (B) only.
• (C) and (D) only.
• (A) and (D) only.
• (B) and (C) only.

Hint:

Phosphoric acid is inorganic. Any option containing phosphoric acid can be eliminated if the question specifies organic acids.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Acidulants are food additives that impart a sour flavor, assist in preservation, and act as pH regulators.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
- Organic acids contain carbon atoms in their molecular structure (usually in carboxyl groups). Common food-grade organic acids include acetic acid, lactic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid, and tartaric acid. (Groups A and D consist solely of organic acids).
- Phosphoric acid (\(\text{H}_3\text{PO}_4\)) is a mineral or inorganic acid, meaning its chemical structure does not contain carbon. It is commonly used in cola beverages but is not organic. (Groups B and C contain phosphoric acid).
Therefore, only groups (A) and (D) consist exclusively of organic acidulants.

Step 3: Final Answer:
Only groups (A) and (D) are organic acids, making Option C correct.