The octet rule states that atoms tend to form molecules where they have eight electrons in their valence shell.
The molecule NO (nitric oxide) does not follow the octet rule because nitrogen has an odd number of electrons and cannot achieve an octet in the molecule.
In the NO molecule, nitrogen has 5 valence electrons and oxygen has 6, making a total of 11 valence electrons. This violates the octet rule as one electron is unpaired.
ΔS would be negative for which of the following reactions?
(I) \( {CaCO}_3(s) \rightarrow {CaO}(s) + {CO}_2(g) \)
(II) \( {Ag}^+(aq) + {Cl}^-(aq) \rightarrow {AgCl}(s) \)
(III) \( {N}_2(g) + 3{H}_2(g) \rightarrow 2{NH}_3(g) \)
Choose the correct answer from the codes given below:
Kepler's second law (law of areas) of planetary motion leads to law of conservation of