Question:

Which of the following is true for essentiality of germination?
(A). Viability of seed
(B). Proper environment
(C). Seed free from dormancy
(D). Thin seed coat
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

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To remember this, think of the definition of germination: "The resumption of active growth by a viable, non-dormant embryo under favorable environmental conditions."
  • (A), (B) and (D) only
  • (A) and (C) only
  • (A), (B) and (C) only
  • (A), (C) and (D) only
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The Correct Option is C

Solution and Explanation



Step 1: Understanding the Concept:

Seed germination is the process by which a fully developed plant embryo within the seed resumes active growth, breaking through the seed coat.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:

For seed germination to successfully initiate, three basic factors must be satisfied:
1. Viability of seed (A): The seed embryo must be alive, intact, and metabolically capable of restarting growth.
2. Proper environment (B): Essential external requirements must be met, specifically adequate moisture (for hydration and enzyme activation), oxygen (for respiration), and a suitable temperature range.
3. Seed free from dormancy (C): A viable seed supplied with proper environmental factors will still fail to germinate if it remains in a dormant state (whether physical, physiological, or morphological).
- Thin seed coat (D) is not universally essential, as many seeds with thick, woody seed coats germinate successfully in nature after normal weathering or scarification.

Step 3: Final Answer:

Thus, only parameters (A), (B), and (C) are essential requirements for germination.
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