Question

Which of the following is not correct?

• A. Under primitive community the majority of means of production is common property.
• B. Under slavery both means of production and those who use them are property of the slave owners.
• C. Under Feudalism land is completely owned by State.
• D. Under Capitalism, production is undertaken mainly for exchange.

Hint:

Remember the ownership pattern in different economic systems: \[ \boxed{ \begin{aligned} \text{Primitive Community} &\rightarrow \text{Common ownership}, \text{Slavery} &\rightarrow \text{Slave owners own land and slaves}, \text{Feudalism} &\rightarrow \text{Land owned by feudal lords}, \text{Capitalism} &\rightarrow \text{Private ownership and production for exchange}. \end{aligned} } \] Mnemonic: Primitive--Common, Slavery--Owners, Feudalism--Landlords, Capitalism--Market.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Concept: According to the historical materialist view of economic systems, different stages of society are characterized by different patterns of ownership of the means of production.
• Primitive Community: Means of production are generally held as common property.
• Slavery: Both the means of production and the slaves themselves are owned by slave owners.
• Feudalism: Land is primarily owned by feudal lords or landlords, while peasants cultivate it under customary obligations.
• Capitalism: Production is carried out mainly for market exchange and profit.

Step 1: Examine each statement.
• Option (A) is correct because property was largely communal in primitive society.
• Option (B) is correct because slaves and productive resources were owned by slave owners.
• Option (C) is incorrect because under feudalism land was owned mainly by feudal lords, not completely by the State.
• Option (D) is correct because capitalist production is primarily market-oriented.

Step 2: Identify the incorrect statement. Since land under feudalism was controlled by landlords rather than being completely owned by the State, \[ \boxed{\text{Option (C) is the incorrect statement.}} \] Hence, \[ \boxed{\text{(C) Under Feudalism land is completely owned by State.}} \]