Which of the following is called as cell-mediated (delayed) hypersensitivity:
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- Type II hypersensitivity
- Type I hypersensitivity
- Type III hypersensitivity
- Type IV hypersensitivity
The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding hypersensitivity types. Hypersensitivity reactions are classified into four types based on their immune mechanisms:
- Type I: Immediate hypersensitivity (e.g., allergies, mediated by IgE).
- Type II: Antibody-mediated cytotoxic hypersensitivity.
- Type III: Immune complex-mediated hypersensitivity. -
Type IV: Cell-mediated (delayed) hypersensitivity.
Step 2: Characteristics of Type IV hypersensitivity. Type IV hypersensitivity is mediated by T-cells rather than antibodies. It is referred to as delayed hypersensitivity because the reaction typically occurs 24–72 hours after exposure to the antigen.
Examples include:
- Tuberculin skin test.
- Contact dermatitis (e.g., poison ivy).
- Granuloma formation in chronic infections.
Step 3: Why other options are incorrect. - Type I, II, and III are antibody-mediated hypersensitivities and are not delayed or cell-mediated.
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