Question:
Which of the following is an example of a valid First-Order Predicate Logic expression?
Which of the following is an example of a valid First-Order Predicate Logic expression?
Show Hint
A first-order formula must apply predicates to objects and quantify over object variables, not over predicate symbols.
Updated On: Jul 2, 2026
- P → Q
- P + Q = R
- ∀x (Student(x) → Studies(x))
- ∀P → Q
Show Solution
Verified By Collegedunia
The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: First-Order Predicate Logic (FOPL) uses predicates over objects, variables, and quantifiers like \( \forall \) and \( \exists \).
Step 2: Option (A), \( P \rightarrow Q \), uses only propositional symbols, so it is propositional logic, not first-order.
Step 3: Option (B), \( P + Q = R \), is an arithmetic equation, not a logic formula. Option (D) quantifies over a predicate symbol P, which is not allowed in first-order logic (that would be higher-order).
Step 4: Option (C), \( \forall x\,(\text{Student}(x) \rightarrow \text{Studies}(x)) \), quantifies over a variable x and applies predicates to it. It reads 'every student studies', a well-formed FOPL sentence.
Correct option: (C).
Step 2: Option (A), \( P \rightarrow Q \), uses only propositional symbols, so it is propositional logic, not first-order.
Step 3: Option (B), \( P + Q = R \), is an arithmetic equation, not a logic formula. Option (D) quantifies over a predicate symbol P, which is not allowed in first-order logic (that would be higher-order).
Step 4: Option (C), \( \forall x\,(\text{Student}(x) \rightarrow \text{Studies}(x)) \), quantifies over a variable x and applies predicates to it. It reads 'every student studies', a well-formed FOPL sentence.
Correct option: (C).
Was this answer helpful?
0
0
Top CPET Computer Science Questions
- Which of the following is a key reason for choosing DRAM over SRAM for main memory?
- Which of the following components in an FPGA is responsible for implementing combinational and sequential logic?
- What is the main purpose of declaring a base class as virtual in multiple inheritance?
- What happens if a class contains at least one pure virtual function?
- What happens if a derived class defines a function with the same name as a base class function, but with a different parameter list?
View More Questions
Top CPET Questions
- Which of the following is a key reason for choosing DRAM over SRAM for main memory?
- Which of the following components in an FPGA is responsible for implementing combinational and sequential logic?
- What is the main purpose of declaring a base class as virtual in multiple inheritance?
- What happens if a class contains at least one pure virtual function?
- What happens if a derived class defines a function with the same name as a base class function, but with a different parameter list?
View More Questions