Question:
Which of the following is an electron donating group?
Which of the following is an electron donating group?
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Alkyl groups are EDG due to hyperconjugation and +I effect. Halogens are -I but +M, making them deactivating but ortho/para directing.
Updated On: Apr 24, 2026
- \(-NO_{2}\)
- \(-CH_{3}\)
- \(-COOH\)
- \(-CN\)
- \(-OC_{6}H_{5}\)
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The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Electron donating groups (EDG) release electrons via +I effect (inductive) or +M effect (resonance). Electron withdrawing groups (EWG) withdraw electrons.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
- \(-NO_2\): Strong -I and -M → EWG
- \(-CH_3\): +I effect → EDG
- \(-COOH\): -I and -M → EWG
- \(-CN\): -I and -M → EWG
- \(-OC_6H_5\): -I but +M (net electron withdrawing due to oxygen's electronegativity and resonance with ring) → EWG
Step 3: Final Answer:
The electron donating group is \(-CH_3\).
Electron donating groups (EDG) release electrons via +I effect (inductive) or +M effect (resonance). Electron withdrawing groups (EWG) withdraw electrons.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
- \(-NO_2\): Strong -I and -M → EWG
- \(-CH_3\): +I effect → EDG
- \(-COOH\): -I and -M → EWG
- \(-CN\): -I and -M → EWG
- \(-OC_6H_5\): -I but +M (net electron withdrawing due to oxygen's electronegativity and resonance with ring) → EWG
Step 3: Final Answer:
The electron donating group is \(-CH_3\).
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